Haven
The Haven-Finding Art: The History of Navigation from Odysseus to Captain Cook
E.G.R. Taylor
published by Hollis & Carter, London 1956
Table of Contents:
Part I: Introduction
1. Signs in the Sky – open-sea voyages – direction by sun and star – direction by winds – home-blowing winds
2. The Surface and Floor of the Sea – tide and tide-rips – ocean currents and the gulf stream – fogs and fish – sea-floor patterns – danger and safety in-shore
Part II: Navigation without Magnetic Compass or Chart
3. The Phoenicians and the Greeks – in soundings – Red Sea sailings – Odysseus and the Phaecians – Pythea of Marseilles – port-books and pilot-books – the ancient wind-rose -sailing the Indian Ocean – sea-marks.
4. The Irish and the Norseman – monks and anchorites – voyages to Iceland -shore-sighting birds – voyage to Greenland – The King’s Mirror – Octhere and King Alfred.
Part III: With Compass and Chart
5. In the Mediterranean Sea – lodestone and compass – the new wind-rose – Compasso da Navigare – Carta Pisana – Catalan Chart-makers – The Toleta de Marteloio.
6. In the Eastern and Western Oceans – Marco Polo – Arab navigators – star altitudes – an English Rutter – navigation by lead and line – tides and tide-tables – three medieval voyages.
Part IV: Instruments and Tables
7. The Portuguese Pioneers – Greek geography recovered – Prince Henry the Navigator – sailing by altura – taking the sun – the oldest navigating manual – Pierre Garcia’s Rutter.
8. The Errors of Compass and Plain Chart – variation of the compass – Dr. Nunez and the true rhumb – John de Castro and deviation – John Rotz and the chart – Martin Cortes’ manual.
9. The English Awakening –foreign pilots in England – Richard Chancellor and John Dee – Stephen and William Borough – Bourne’s Regiment of the Sea – Robert Norman the compass-maker – the ‘Waggoner.’
Part V: Towards Mathematical Navigation
10. The True Chart – Thomas Hariot and Edward Wright – the Table of meridianal parts mid-latitude sailing – re-knotting the log-line – the learned societies – re-measuring the degree – Edmund Halley’s charts – astronomical and nautical tables.
11. The Longitude Solved – the Greenwich and Paris observatories – the mathematical sailor – a Commission for the longitude – the Rouille prizes – Hadley’s sextant – the perfect timepiece – Sully and Le Roy – John Harrison – triumph of the chronometer.
Appendix – Navigation in Medieval China
